Samanalawewa Dam | Belihuloya

About this Attraction

The Samanalawewa Dam, known as the "Samanalawewa Reservoir Project," is more than just an engineering feat—it's a testament to human perseverance and innovation in the face of natural challenges. My recent visit to this hydroelectric powerhouse in Sri Lanka was a journey filled with awe, learning, and appreciation for the country's efforts in harnessing renewable energy.

Arrival and First Impressions

Located in the picturesque Uda Walawe basin, the dam sits proudly at the confluence of the Walawe River and Belihul Oya, near the town of Balangoda. The journey was breathtaking, with lush greenery and mountainous terrain providing a scenic backdrop. As I approached the site, the sheer size of the dam, standing at 110 meters with a crest spanning 530 meters, left me speechless.

The reservoir glistened under the morning sun, its surface reflecting the surrounding hills. The sense of calm belied the immense energy generated beneath those waters. I stood by the viewpoint, listening to the gentle hum of the power station and the occasional whoosh of water from the spillway.

A Walk Through History

Engaging with the local engineers and staff gave me insight into the dam's historical significance. The project, initiated in 1986 and completed in 1992, responded to Sri Lanka's growing electricity demand. It was fascinating to learn that initial studies began in 1958. The dam's construction received financial backing from Japan and the UK, showcasing international collaboration.

I imagined the dedication of the workers who transported and assembled 4.5 million cubic meters of rock and earth to create the dam's structure. Walking along the crest, I saw the meticulous design choices, especially the rock filled with a central earth core, which provided stability and resilience.

Exploring the Power Station

The tour of the power station was a highlight. The underground facility houses two massive Francis turbines, each with a capacity of 62 MW. Standing beside these mechanical giants, I felt a sense of pride knowing that the dam generates approximately 405 GWh of electricity annually. The hum of rotating turbines constantly reminded me of the dam's contribution to the national grid.

The reservoir itself is impressive, stretching 8 kilometers upstream and covering nearly 897 hectares. The engineers explained how rainfall, averaging 2,867 millimetres annually, replenishes the reservoir, ensuring a steady power supply.

The Mysterious Leak

One of the dam's most talked-about features is its persistent leak. Discovered during the construction phase in 1988, the porous right bank has since allowed about 2,100 litres of water per second to escape. I walked along where the leakage occurred, noticing the subtle water streams seeping through the rocky surface. The staff candidly shared their continuous efforts to mitigate the leak, but despite their best attempts, it remains a defining characteristic of the dam.

Interestingly, this leakage has had an unintended positive impact on downstream agriculture. Farmers downstream benefit from this natural outflow, which supplies two-thirds of the water required for their crops, reducing the reliance on the dam's irrigation release valve.

Environmental Insights

While the dam primarily serves hydroelectric purposes, its environmental impact is undeniable. The altered water flow patterns have affected local ecosystems and agricultural yields. Standing by the reservoir, I pondered the balance between energy production and environmental stewardship. Though initially affected, the nearby villages have adapted over time, finding new ways to sustain their farming practices.

Final Reflections

Leaving the Samanalawewa Dam, I couldn't help but feel a deep sense of respect for the engineers and visionaries who brought this project to life. The dam symbolizes the delicate balance between human ambition and nature's unpredictability. My visit was more than just a tour; it was an educational adventure that deepened my appreciation for Sri Lanka's renewable energy efforts.

If you ever explore Sri Lanka's inland wonders, visit this remarkable site. It's a place where nature and technology converge, creating a story of resilience, innovation, and enduring impact.

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