Gal Potha stone inscription (Stone Book) | Polonnaruwa

About this Attraction

My visit to the ancient city of Polonnaruwa was a step back in time, where history and culture whispered their tales through the ruins. Among the many remarkable sites, the Gal Potha, or Stone Book, stood out as an extraordinary testament to Sri Lanka’s heritage.

Discovering Gal Potha

Walking into the Sacred Quadrangle of Polonnaruwa, my eyes were immediately drawn to the massive stone slab of Gal Potha. Measuring an impressive 8.2 meters in length and weighing about 25 tons, this colossal inscription was awe-inspiring. Its sheer size and the intricacy of its carvings hinted at the remarkable craftsmanship of ancient Sri Lankan artisans.

The inscription was created during King Nissanka Malla's reign in the 12th century. It was fascinating to learn that this enormous slab had been transported from Mihintale, over 100 kilometres away—a feat that showcased the advanced engineering skills of the time.

Unravelling the History

Standing before Gal Potha, I couldn't help but marvel at its historical significance. The inscription, written in ancient Sinhala, provided an incredible glimpse into the cultural, political, and religious life of Sri Lanka during King Nissanka Malla’s era. The first section highlighted the Buddhist doctrines and ethical teachings that guided the kingdom. The second part detailed monastic rules, while the third recounted the achievements of past kings. The final section described the construction of religious and public works that enriched the kingdom’s legacy.

Each of the 72 lines and three columns of the inscription reflected the high level of literacy and intellectual advancement of the time. It was a humbling experience to read about how Buddhism shaped society and governance, echoing the values of compassion and mindfulness.

The Artistic Brilliance

The beauty of Gal Potha wasn’t confined to its text. The intricate carvings around the edges showcased floral designs, geometric patterns, and animal motifs, all executed with precision and artistic flair. These embellishments added to its aesthetic appeal and underscored the rich cultural fabric of ancient Sri Lanka.

A Walk Through the Sacred Quadrangle

Gal Potha is nestled within the Sacred Quadrangle, a treasure trove of ancient structures. Exploring the surrounding ruins—the Vatadage, Thuparama Gedige, and the Rankoth Vehera—added layers of context to my understanding of the era. Each structure told its story, and Gal Potha acted as a centrepiece, tying these narratives together.

Preserving the Past

It was heartening to learn about the conservation efforts to protect Gal Potha. Exposed to weathering and erosion over centuries, the stone slab has undergone restoration to preserve its carvings and inscriptions for future generations. Standing there, I felt a deep gratitude for the efforts to maintain this historical gem.

How to Reach Gal Potha

Getting to Gal Potha was an adventure in itself. From Habarana, it was a scenic 48-kilometer drive to Polonnaruwa. Once inside the ancient city, the Sacred Quadrangle was easy to locate. The complex was alive with history, and Gal Potha’s grandeur was impossible to miss.

A Reflection

Visiting Gal Potha was more than just an educational journey; it was an emotional connection to Sri Lanka’s rich past. Standing before the Stone Book, I felt a profound respect for the ancient kingdom's craftsmanship, vision, and cultural depth. For history enthusiasts and curious travellers, Gal Potha is not just an attraction—it’s a timeless story etched in stone, waiting to be discovered.

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